Euro NCAP reveals fatal flaws in trailer underrun safety that cost 400 lives every year
When both a driver and vehicle ADAS systems fail to detect a trailer and avoid a collision, it is then the role of the trailer's Rear Underrun Protection System (RUPS) to prevent a potentially fatal type of collision where the car slides beneath the trailer structure, known as a rear underrun.
To evaluate physical guard strength, Euro NCAP and its international partners in Germany, the UK, Sweden and the US took a popular passenger car that carries a five-star Euro NCAP safety rating and subjected it to crash testing into the rear of trailers with different RUPS solutions. In the UK and Germany, it was tested using trailers built to Europe's latest mandatory standard, UN ECE R58.03 (enforced since 2022). In the US, it was tested using trailers that meet the voluntary IIHS TOUGHGUARD standard. To perform the crash testing, the cars’ ADAS systems were deactivated.
Two different commonly used trailers were selected, both fitted with the regulated rear underrun protection system designed to protect car occupants when a car runs into the back of the trailer. The outcomes were severe. In a 56 km/h (35 mph) passenger-side 30 per cent frontal offset crash performed at HORIBA MIRA, the guard fitted by trailer manufacturer Schmitz Cargobull offered little structural resistance. The trailer bed sliced directly through the passenger compartment, tearing the side out of the vehicle structure, and inflicting fatal head and neck injuries to the crash test dummy.
In a subsequent 75 per cent frontal-rear impact conducted at the same speed by Germany’s ADAC, the Krone Trailer’s rear underrun bar failed, and the test car’s occupant compartment was destroyed, resulting in no protection for the driver or passenger.
Both crash tests showed that the high-performing crash structure of the car could not deform and protect the occupants as designed due to the poor impact resistance of the rear underrun protection structure. This reveals that the current R58.03 European regulation could be improved significantly and is currently not fit for purpose.
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✅ Source: ADAC / EuroNCAP
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